SHIP'S PAPERS. Those documents which are required on board of neutral ships, as evidence of their neutrality, These are the passports, sea-letter, muster-roll, charter party, bill of lading, invoices1, log book, bill of health, register, and papers containing proofs of property. 1 Chit. Com. Law 487.
2. The want of these papers, or either of them, renders the character of a vessel2 suspicious. Vide Clearance3, and 2 Boulay Paty, Dr. Com. 14.
SHIPPER. One who ships or puts goods on board of a vessel, to be carried to another place during her voyage. In general, the shipper is bound to pay for the hire of the vessel, or the freight of the goods. 1 Bouv. Inst. n. 1030.
SHIPPING4 ARTICLES, contr. mar5. law. The act of congress of July 20, 1790, s. 1, directs that a master of any vessel bound from a port in the United States to any foreign port, or of any vessel of fifty tons or upwards6, bound from a port in one state to a port in any other than at adjoining state, shall, before he proceed on such voyage, make an agreement in writing or in print, with every seaman7 or mariner8 on board such vessel, declaring the voyage or voyages, term or terms of time, for which such seaman or mariner shall be shipped.
2. And by sect10. 2, it is required that at the foot of every such coutract, there shall be a memorandum11 in writing, of the day and the hour on which such seaman or mariner who shall so ship and subscribe12, shall render himself on board to begin the voyage agreed upon.
3. This instrument is called the shipping articles. For want of which, the seaman is entitled to the highest wages which have been given at the port or place where such seaman or mariner shall have been shipped for a similar voyage within three months next before the time of such shipping, on his performing the service, or during the time he shall continue to do duty on board such vessel, without being bound by the regulations, nor subject to the penalties and forfeitures13 contained in the said act of congress; and the master is further liable to a penalty of twenty dollars.
4. The shipping articles ought not to contain any clause which derogates from the general rights and privileges of seamen14, and if they do, such clause will be declared void. 2 Sumner, 443; 2 Mason, 541.
5. A seaman who signs shipping articles, is bound to perform the voyage, and he has no right to elect to pay damages for non-performance of the contract. 2 Virg. Cas. 276.
Vide, generally, Gilp. 147, 219, 452; 1 Pet. Ad. Dec. 212; Bee, 48; 1 Mason, 443; 5 Mason, 272; 14 John. 260.
